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Noblesse Oblige (book)
''Noblesse Oblige: An Enquiry Into the Identifiable Characteristics of the English Aristocracy'' (1956) is a book that purports to be〔"I didn’t know they were going to say edited by, nor did I edit it, nor even see it in proof (except my piece). Rather naughty I think." Letter from Nancy to Evelyn Waugh (ISBN 0-395-74015-0, p. 391)〕 edited by Nancy Mitford, illustrated by Osbert Lancaster, caricaturist of English manners, and published by Hamish Hamilton. The anthology comprises four brief essays by Nancy Mitford, Alan S. C. Ross, “Strix” and Christopher Sykes, a letter by Evelyn Waugh, and a poem written by John Betjeman.
Until Nancy Mitford wrote “The English Aristocracy” in an article published in 1955, England was blissfully unconscious of U-Usage. Her article sparked off a public debate, whose counterblasts are collected in this book, published one year later.〔(Nancy Mitford — ''Noblesse Oblige'' )〕 Although the subtitle rather dryly suggests it as an enquiry into the identifying characteristics of members of the English upper-class, it is really more of a debate, with each essayist entertaining and convincing.
== Overview ==
This collection of essays started with Nancy Mitford's article “The English Aristocracy”, published in 1955 in the magazine ''Encounter''. The expressions “U” (Upper Class) and “Non-U” (non-Upper Class) came to prominence〔(Debrett’s )〕 in this article, which sold out the edition of the magazine immediately after publication. The article caused a great deal of light-hearted controversy. The book was published one year later. There is sharp disagreement among the U's who have contributed to this book.
Considered one of the most gifted comic writers of her time, Nancy Mitford said she wrote the article about her peers “In order to demonstrate the upper middle class does not merge imperceptibly into the middle class”.〔(Style Weekly — ''How U are You?'' by Rosie Right )〕 She said differences of speech distinguish the members of one social class in England from another. The daughter of a Baron, she was therefore a "Hon" − honourable. Deborah Mitford Cavendish, the Duchess of Devonshire, the youngest of the famously (and sometimes infamously) unconventional Mitford sisters, wrote a letter to ''Encounter''”〔Quoted by Russel Lynes, in his introduction to the first edition of ''Noblesse Oblige'' published by Harper & Brothers (1956), in the United States, p. 10〕 about the article saying: “... as the co-founder, with my sister Jessica,〔(Decca — The Letters of Jessica Mitford, Alfred A. Knop )〕 of the Hons Club, I would like to point out that ... the word Hon meant Hen in Honnish... We were very fond of chickens and on the whole preferred their company to that of human beings〔(The Finantial Times — Life & Arts, ''Pursuits'' )〕 ...”.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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